For diesel truck enthusiasts, turbochargers are the heart of performance. They help determine how much power your truck makes and how well it tows or races. When it comes to choosing the right turbocharger setup, the debate between single, compound, and variable geometry turbos (VGTs) is ongoing. Each system has its own strengths and weaknesses, and choosing the right one depends on how you use your truck. Let’s break down the differences.

Single Turbo: Simplicity and Peak Power

A single turbo is the most basic and widely used setup in the diesel world. It consists of just one turbocharger, which can be upgraded to a larger size for increased airflow and boost pressure.

Pros

• Simplicity: With fewer moving parts, single turbos are generally more reliable and easier to maintain.
• Cost-Effective: Compared to compounds, a single-turbo upgrade is usually cheaper.
• High-End Power: Larger single turbos excel at delivering high horsepower numbers, making them a popular choice for drag racing and sled pulling.

Cons

• Lag Issues: A big single turbo takes time to spool, meaning low-end power and drivability may suffer.
• Compromised Towing Performance: While great for peak power, single turbos may not be ideal for heavy towing due to lag at lower RPMs.

Compound Turbos: Power and Efficiency Combined

A compound turbocharger setup use two turbochargers in sequence—one smaller and one larger. The smaller turbo spools quickly for low-end response, while the larger turbo builds boost for higher RPM power.

Pros

• Instant Torque and High-End Power: With a compound system, you get quick spool-up without sacrificing top-end performance.
• Ideal for Towing and Racing: Compounds provide excellent power delivery across the RPM range, making them great for daily driving, towing, and competition.
• Cooler EGTs: Because boost pressure is built more efficiently, compound setups typically keep exhaust gas temperatures (EGTs) lower.

Cons

• Complexity and Cost: More components mean higher installation and maintenance costs.
• Tuning and Space Requirements: Compounds require precise tuning and more engine bay space to fit properly.

Cummins 6.7L Turbo Diesel (2025) Pickup

VGT (Variable Geometry Turbo): The Best of Both Worlds?

VGTs use movable vanes inside the housing to adjust airflow dynamically, allowing for fast spool-up at low RPMs and sustained boost at higher RPMs. Modern diesel truck manufacturers use factory VGT setups: Ram’s 6.7-liter Cummins I6 diesel engine with its Holset turbo; GM’s 6.6-liter Duramax V8 diesel engine with its Borg Warner unit; and Ford’s 6.7-liter Power Stroke V8 with its Garrett turbo.

Pros

• Responsive at all RPMs: VGTs minimize lag while still delivering decent top-end power.
• Great for Towing and Daily Driving: Their adjustability makes them ideal for trucks used in various driving conditions.
• Factory Integration: Many trucks already come with VGTs, making upgrades or tuning easier.

Cons

• Less Reliable at High Power Levels: Factory VGTs can fail under extreme stress, leading many enthusiasts to swap them for fixed turbos.
• Expensive to Upgrade: High-performance VGTs cost significantly more than single turbos.

Which Turbocharger Setup Is Right for You?

• Daily Drivers and Tow Rigs: VGT or compound setups offer the best balance of drivability, efficiency, and towing capability.
• Street Performance and Weekend Warriors: Compounds or small single turbos deliver great power without excessive lag.
• Drag Racing and Sled Pulling: Large single turbos provide maximum horsepower but require supporting modifications and tuning.

Choosing the right turbo setup depends on your specific needs and budget. Whether you want all-out performance, reliable towing power, or a mix of both, there’s a turbo solution for every diesel enthusiast. Whichever route you take, proper tuning and supporting modifications will be key to getting the most out of your setup!